| MODALITY |
VISUAL |
AUDITORY |
KINESTHETIC (HAPTIC) |
| PREFERRED LEARNING STYLE |
Learns by seeing or watching demonstrations. |
Learns through verbal instructions from self or others. |
Learns by doing and direct involvement. |
| SPELLING |
Recognizes words by sight; relies on configuration of words. |
Uses a phonics approach; has auditory word attack skills. |
Often is a poor speller; writes words to determine if they
"feel" right. |
| READING |
Likes description; sometimes stops reading to stare into space
and imagine scene; intense concentration. |
Enjoys dialogue and plays; avoids lengthy descriptions;
unaware of illustrations; moves lips or subvocalizes. |
Prefers stories where action occurs early; fidgets while
reading; handles books; not an avid reader. |
| HANDWRITING |
Tends to be good, particularly when young; spacing and size
are good; appearance is important. |
Has more difficulty learning in initial stages; tends to write
lightly; says strokes when writing. |
Good initially but deteriorates when space becomes smaller;
pushes harder on writing instrument. |
| MEMORY |
Remembers faces but forgets names; writes things down; takes
notes. |
Remembers names but forgets faces; remembers by auditory
repetition. |
Remembers best what was done, not what was seen or talked
about. |
| IMAGERY |
Vivid imagination; thinks in pictures; visualizes in detail. |
Subvocalizes; imagines things in sounds; details less
important. |
Imagery not important; images that do occur are accompanied by
movement. |
| DISTRACTABILITY |
Generally unaware of sounds; distracted by visual disorder or
movement. |
Easily distracted by sounds. |
Not attentive to visual or auditory presentation so may seem
distracted. |
| PROBLEM SOLVING |
Deliberate; plans in advance; organizes thoughts by writing
them; lists problems. |
Talks problems out; tries solutions verbally or subvocally;
talks self through problems. |
Attacks problem physically; impulsive; often selects solution
involving greatest activity. |
| RESPONSE TO PERIODS OF INACTIVITY |
Stares or doodles; finds something. |
Hums, talks to self, or talks to others. |
Fidgets or finds reasons to move; holds up hand. |
| RESPONSE TO NEW SITUATIONS |
Looks around or examines structure. |
Talks about situation; discusses pros and cons of what to do. |
Tries things out; touches, feels or manipulates. |
| EMOTIONS |
Somewhat repressed; stares when angry; cries easily; beams
when happy; facial expression is a good index of emotion. |
Shouts with anger or joy; blows up verbally but soon calms
down; expresses emotion verbally and through changes in tone,
volume or pitch of voice. |
Jumps for joy; hugs, tugs or pulls when happy; jumps, stamps
or pounds when angry; stomps off; general body language is a
good index of emotions. |
| COMMUNICATION |
Quiet, does not talk at length; becomes impatient when
extensive listening is required; may use words clumsily;
describes without embellishment; uses words such as see, look,
etc. |
Enjoys listening but cannot wait to talk; descriptions are
long but repetitive; likes hearing self and others talk; uses
words such as listen, hear, etc. |
Gestures when speaking; does not listen well; stands close
when speaking or listening; quickly loses interest in detailed
verbal discourse; uses words such as get, take, etc. |
| GENERAL APPEARANCE |
Neat, meticulous; likes order; may choose not to vary
appearance. |
Matching clothes not so important; can explain choices of
clothes. |
Neat but soon becomes wrinkled through activity. |
| RESPONSE TO THE ARTS |
Not particularly responsive to music; prefers the visual arts;
tends not to voice appreciation of any kind, but can be deeply
affected by visual displays; focuses on details and components
rather than the work as a whole. |
Favors music; finds less appeal in visual art, but is readily
able to discuss it; misses significant detail, but appreciates
the work as a whole; is able to develop verbal association for
all art forms; spends more time talking about pieces than
looking at them. |
Responds to music by physical movement; prefers sculpture;
touches statues and paintings; at exhibits stops only at those
pieces in which he/she can become involved; comments very little
on any art form. |