drugsother

Other Drugs used in the Imaging Department (Others)

Emergency Resuscitation Box	Bowel Prep	Others	Medical Gases
Examples of Other Drugs used in the X-Ray Department Information taken from the Data sheets provided with the substances THESE NOTES ARE FOR INFORMATION ONLY NOT FOR PRESCRIBING
Drug Proprietary Name	Indications and Information
"Baritop Effervescent Tablets"	Presentation White tablets containing Sodium bicarbonate B.P. 35 mg Calcium Carbonate B.P. 5 mg Tartaric Acid B.P. 35 mg Dimethicone B.P.C. 3 mg Uses Gas producing agent for double contrast radiography of the gastro-intestinal tract, contains a defoaming agent simethicone to prevent excessive bubble formation during gas release Dose 20 Tablets Manufacturer Concept Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
"Buscopan" Hyoscine-N-butylbromine	Presentation Ampoules for intramuscular injection, each containing hyoscine-N-butylbromine 20 mg in 1 ml. Uses Buscopan is an antispasmodic agent which relaxes smooth muscle of the organs of the abdominal and pelvic cavities. It is believed to act predominantly on the intramural parasympathetic ganglia of these organs. Indications For the relief of muscle spasm as in renal or biliary colic, in radiology for the differential diagnosis of obstruction and to reduce spasm and pain in pyelography and other examinations where muscle spasm may be a problem, e.g. gastro-duodenal studies. Dosage and administration By injection One ampoule intramuscularly or slowly intravenously repeated after half an hour if required. When used in endoscopy this dose may be needed to be repeated more frequently. Contraindications Buscopan should not be administered to patients who are hypersensitive to anticholinergic drugs or who are suffering from prostate enlargement or paralytic ileus, since it may raise intraocular pressure Buscopan should not be given to patients with closed angle glaucoma or those with a shallow anterior chamber. Precautions Pregnancy, Tachycardia, thyrotoxicosis, cardiac failure or insufficiency and cardiac surgery. Side Effects Dryness of mouth of the mouth, temporary loss of visual accommodation and tachycardia have very occasional been reported. Overdoseage Parasympathetic agents such as pilocarpine or neostigmine should be used as necessary. Pharmaceutical precautions Buscopan ampoules should be protected from light and heat. Legal Category Pharmacy medicine Manufactured by: Boehringer Ingelheim Ltd.
"Carbex"	Presentation The granules sachets and solution are presented in separate containers. Granules-Each sachet contains. Sodium Bicarbonate 1.26 g Simethicone 0.042 g Excipients and flavouring qs to 2.8 g Solution Citric acid - anhydrous 1.0 g Methyl & propylparbens Sodium saccharin Flavouring qts Purified water to make 10 ml (Single dose) Uses Gas producing agent for double contrast radiography of the gastro-intestinal tract. Carbex powder contains a defoaming agent simethicone to prevent excessive bubble formation during gas release, the recommended dose produces approximately 250 ml carbon dioxide gas. Dosage & Administration The contents of one sachet of Carbex granules are placed on the back of the patients tongue and then immediately washed down with 10 ml of the solution, the barium sulphate suspension should be swallowed 30 seconds later. Contraindications, warnings etc. Nil Pharmaceutical precautions Store in a cool, dry place. Legal Category Pharmacy medicine Manufacture red by Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Distributed by Henley's Medical Supplies.
"Lasix" Frusemide Injection	Presentation Lasix injection contains 20mg Frusemide BP in 2ml aqueous solution, the solution contains sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide as excipients. Uses Lasix is a diuretic recommended for when prompt and effective diuresis is required. Indications Cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic and renal oedema. Dosage and administration Lasix injection must be given slowly. The diuretic effect is proportional to dose, Doses of 20-50mg intramuscularly or intravenously may be given initially, if larger doses are required the should be given by slow infusion and titrated according to response. Children Parental doses for children range from 0.5-1.5mg/kg body weight daily up to a maximum total daily dose of 20mg. Contraindications Intravenously Lasix must be given slowly at a rate not exceeding 4mg/minute. Contraindications include anuria, electrolyte deficiency and pre comatose states associated with live cirrhosis. Hypersensitivity to frusemide or sulphonamides. Warnings, Patients with prostatic hypertrophy or impairment of micturition have an increased risk of developing acute retention. Lasix should be used with caution in nursing mothers as it may inhibit lactation and be passed into breast milk. Precautions See above and manufacturers literature. Side Effects Lasix is generally well tolerated , side effects of a minor nature such as nausea, malaise or gastric upset may occur, the incidence of allergies, skin rashes etc is rare. Overdoseage Overdosage causes dehydration and electrolyte imbalance which will need correcting. Pharmaceutical precautions Lasix injection should be stored in a cool dry place, protected from light, frusemide may be precipitated out into crystal if mixed with other substances, so should not be mixed with other substances. Legal Category Prescription only Medicine (POM) Manufactured by: Hoechst Marion Roussel Ltd Middlesex. TW4 7JH
"Glucagen Kit" Glucagon	Presentation Glucagen Kit consists of a phial containing 1 mg glucagon (rys) and a prefilled syringe containing 1ml Water for Injections Uses i) As a motility inhibitor in examinations of the gastrointestinal tract by radiography or endoscopy. ii) The treatment of acute hypoglycaemic reactions which may occur in the management of diabetic patients receiving insulin or oral hypoglycaemic agents. Indications i) Radiography and endoscopy of the GI tract, doses range from0.2mg - 2.0mg depending on the technique used, typically 0.2-0.5mg intravenously or 0.5-0.75mg intramuscularly. ii) Treatment of acute hypoglycaemic reactions, 0.5-1.0mg by subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous injection, followed by oral carbohydrate when the patient is conscious. Dosage and administration See Above Contraindications Hypersensitivity to glucagon or one of the excipients, known or suspected phaeochromacytoma, insulinoma or glucagonoma. Precautions Special precautions must be taken in diabetic patients when glucagon is used as a muscle relaxant in radiological or endoscopic procedures. Side Effects Glucagon has only a few and minimal side effects consisting mainly of nausea and vomiting especially when the dose is more than 1mg, since glucagon is a protein there is a theoretical possibility of hypersensitivity. Overdosage Pharmaceutical precautions Shelf life 36 months if stored at 2-8º 18 months at ambient temperature within the expiry date. Legal Category POM Manufactured by: Novo Nordisk Pharmaceuticals Ltd
"GTN" Glyceril Trinitrate	Presentation Glyeril trinitrate 300 micrograms per tablet, for subligual use Uses A short acting vasodilator for the prophylaxis and treatment of attacks of angina pectoris. Indications Therapeutic indications: A short acting vasodilator for the prophylaxis and treatment of attacks of angina pectoris. Dosage and administration Adults and Elderly, One tablet to be allowed to dissolve slowly under the tongue, the treatment may be repeated as necessary. Not recommended in children Contraindications Marked anaemia, closed angle glaucoma, head trauma, cerebral haemorrage, hypersenitivity to nitrates, hypovalaemia, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, aortic stenosis, cardiac tamponade, constrictive pericarditis, mitral stenosis. Precautions Caution should be exercise in cases of severe hepatic or renal impairment or recent myocardial infarction. Avoid in pregnancy. Interactions When used with anti muscarinic, anti arrhymic or cyclic antidepressant drugs the effect of Glyceryl Trinitrate may be lost. Side Effects Dizziness is a known side effect and if effected patients should not drive or operate machinery, The following side effects have been reported, throbbing headache, facial flushing, dizziness, postural hypotension and tachycardia. Overdoseage Symptoms: vomiting, restlessness, hypotension, cyanosis, methaemoglobinaemia, severe poisoning may result in bradycardia, respiratory depression and tachycardia. Pharmaceutical precautions Use within eight weeks of opening bottle. Legal Category P Manufactured by: Martindale Pharmaceuticals Romford Essex. RM3 8UG
"Hep Flush" Heparin	Presentation Heparin flush solution, each ml containing 100 units sodium heparin in saline. Also contains 1% benzyl alcohol, ).1% methylparahydoybenzoate and 0.02% propylparahydroxybenzoate as preservatives, sodium citrate and water for injections, in ampoules of 200 units in 2ml. Uses Mode of action: Heparin is a naturally occurring anticoagulant which prevents the coagulating of blood in vivo and in vitro. It potentiates the inhibition of several activated coagulation factors, including thrombin and factor x. Indications To maintain patency of indwelling intra venous lines, it is not recommended for therapeutic use. Dosage and administration For routine use, 2ml containing 200 units should be administered into the catheter/cannula every 4-8 hours as required. Contraindications When used as directed the low dose of heparin reaching the blood should have no systemic effects. Precautions Side Effects Overdoseage Pharmaceutical precautions Store below 25ºC, Hep flush is compatible with normal saline, Heparin has been reported to be incompatible in aqueous solution with certain substances, e.g. some antibiotics, hydrocortisone, phenothiazines, narcotic analgesics and antihistamines. Legal Category POM Manufactured by: Leo Laboratories Ltd
Hydrocortisone "Solu Cortef"	Presentation White freeze dried powder* for parental use, hydrocortisone sodium succinate 133.7mg equivalent to hydrocortisone 100mg. To be reconstituted with 2ml. water for injection. Uses* An anti inflammatory agent, Solu cortef is indicated for any condition in which rapid corticsteroid effect is required, such as the treatment of shock secondary to adrenocortical insufficiency. Indications Solu cortef is indicated for any condition in which rapid corticosteroid effect is required, Dosage and administration !00-500mg depending on the severity of the condition. Contraindications Solu cortef is contraindicated where there is known hypersensitivity to components and in systemic fungal infection unless specific anti fungal therapy is employed. Precautions See drug information sheet provided with Solu Cortef Side Effects See drug information sheet provided with Solu Cortef Overdoseage There is no clinical syndrome of acute overdoseage with Solucortef. Pharmaceutical particulars Excipients, sodium biphosphate and sodium phosphate. Incompatibilities None stated Shelf life 60 months Store below 25ºC Legal Category POM Manufactured by: Pharmacia and Upjohn
"Hypnovel" Midazolam	Presentation Hypnovel contains the substance with the approved name midazolam, the colourless glass ampoules contain 10mg of midazolam base as the hydrochloride in 5 ml aqueous colourless solution. Uses Midazolam is a potent imidazobezodiazepine, forming water soluble salts which are stable and well tolerated by injection, with the typical properties of bezodiazepines, namely hypnotic, anxiolitic, muscle relaxant and anti convulsive activity, in clinical use the induction of sleep is the main action. At sedative and anesthetic doses, given intravenously, the action is rapid in onset and of short duration; antegrade amnesia frequently accompanies the period of peak sedation. Indications As intravenous sedative cover before and during minor medical and, dental, and surgical procedures. such as gastroscopy, endoscopy, cystoscopy, bronchoscopy and cardiac catheterisation. Dosage and administration Typical dosage range 2.5 - 7.5 mg as a total dose, more than 5mg is rarely required. See product notes for more details.. Contraindications Benzopdiazepine sensitivity. Precautions After prolonged use up to 14 days withdrawal symptoms may present if withdrawal is not gradual. Hypnovel should be administered with caution in patients with pulmonary insufficiency,, hepatic or renal impairment, see notes for more details and drug interactions. Side Effects Side effects include, headaches, dizziness, hiccoughs, and antegrade amnaesia. see notes for more details. Overdoseage Anexate is a specific antidote for use in emergency situations when overdoseage occurs potentiating the therapeutic actions. Pharmaceutical precautions Additives: Hypnovel ampoule solution is stable, both physically and chemically for up to an hour at room temperature when mixed in the same syringe as atropine sulphate Injection 500 micrograms/ml or hyoscine hydrobromide Injection 0.4mg/ml Legal Category POM CD Sch.4 Manufactured by: Roche Products Ltd.
Lignocaine "Xylocaine"	Presentation 0.5% 5.35 mg/ml. 1.0% 10.7 mg/ml. 2% 21.4mg/ml. A sterile clear aqueous solution of Lidocaine Hydrochloride PhEur. Uses Xylocaine is a local anesthetic solution for use in infiltration anesthesia, intravenous regional anesthesia and nerve blocks. Indications See above Dosage and administration The lowest concentration and smallest dose producing the required effect should be given the maximum dose for healthy adults should not exceed 200mg. Contraindications Known hypersensitivity to anesthetics of the amide type. Precautions Xylocaine should be used with caution in patients with epilepsy, impaired cardiac conduction, bradycardia, impaired respiratory function and in patients with impaired hepatic function, if the dose site is likely to result in high blood levels. Side Effects CNS reactions are excitory and/or depressant, and may be characterised by nervousness, dizziness blurred vision and tremours. See enclosed drug information notes for more details. Overdoseage Overdosage may lead to convulsions. See enclosed drug information notes for more details. Pharmaceutical precautions Store below 25ºC. Legal Category POM Manufactured by: Astra Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Lignocaine gel and Spray	Lignocaine may be combined as a gel or in a spray for topical local anesthesia. The Gel may be used in procedures requiring urethral catheterisation in males, The spray may be required to reduce pain in the oropharyangeal region during the insertion of instruments. See product notes for more details..
"Maxolon Syrup" Metaclopramide Hydrochloride	Presentation The syrup contains Metaclopramide Hydrochloride BP equivalent to 1mg/ml of the anhydrous substance, the syrup is a clear colourless lemon-lime solution for oral administration. Uses Diagnostic procedures, Radiology, Maxolon speeds the passage of a barium meal by decreasing gastric emptying time, co-coordinating peristalsis and dilating the duodenal bulb. For other uses see enclosed product notes. Indications See above Dosage and administration For diagnostic procedures a single dose of the syrup orally 5 - 10 minutes before the procedure, Typical adult dose 20 years and over 10-20mg. Contraindications There are no absolute contraindications to the use of Maxolon. Precautions See Not recommended in children Dosage should not exceed 0.5mg/kg of body weight. Side Effects See enclosed product notes. Overdoseage In cases of overdoseage , acute dystonic (A state of abnormal (either hypo- or hyper-) tonicity in any of the tissues.) reactions have occurred, overdoseage should be treated with gastric lavage. Pharmaceutical precautions The syrup should be protected from light, and used within 14 days of opening. Legal Category POM Manufactured by: Monmouth Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
"Piriton"™ Chlorpheniramine Maleate	Presentation Piriton injection is a potent antihistamine presented in the form of 1ml ampoules each containing 10mg chlorpheniramine maleate BP. The preparation is colourless. Uses Allergic reactions. Indications Acute urticaria, angioneurotic oedema, drug and serum reactions, desensitising reactions, hay fever, vasomotor rhinitis, severe puritis of non specific origin. Dosage and administration The injection may be subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous, the latter is recommended when rapid effect is desired as in anaphalactic reactions. For intravenous route Piriton should be diluted in the syringe with 5ml of blood and then injected slowly over a period of 1 minute. the usual dose for adults is 10 - 20 mg but not more than 40mg should be given. Contraindications There are no known contra-indications to therapy with Piriton Precautions All antihistamines given in effective dosage may cause dizziness or drowsiness, the sedative action may be potentiated by alcohol, unnecessary administration in the first trimester of pregnancy should be avoided. The patient should be warned not to drink, drive or operate machinery until the effects have worn off. Side Effects Drowsiness and dizziness may occur, some patients have reported a stinging or burning sensation at the site of injection, rapid intravenous injection may cause transitory hypotension or CNS stimulation. Overdoseage The estimated lethal dose of Piriton is 25 - 50mg per kilogram of body weight, treatment should include gastric lavage if taken orally. Pharmaceutical precautions Piriton injection should be protected from light. Legal Category POM Manufactured by: Allen and Hanburys Ltd London E2 6LA.
Medicine Categories (UK)	GSL = General Sales List P = A pharmacy sale medicine only be sold from a retail pharmacy POM = A prescription only medicine CD = A preparation controlled by the misuse of drugs act 1971 CD (Sch) Sch followed by 1,2,3,4,5, depending on the schedule to the misuse of drugs Regulations 1985.

Information taken from the Data sheets provided with the substances
THESE NOTES ARE FOR INFORMATION ONLY NOT FOR PRESCRIBING