Job Application and Interview Preparation

Help with preparing for an interview

Getting invited to an interview means you've passed the first hurdle - your application must have made a good impression.

Now you need to prepare yourself for the interview to make sure you don't waste the opportunity.

Before the day

Get information

Find out about the employer and the job - you could ask the employer if they have an information pack or speak to people you know who work or have worked for the company. The library may have business information in directories such as the 'UK Kompass Register'.

Try to find out the answer to the following questions:

• what do they do/make/sell?
• who are their customers?
• what sort of organisation are they?
• financial information - turnover, profits etc.
• what exactly will the job involve?
• what sort of person do you think they want?
• how can you best fit your skills to match the job?

Plan for the interview

Then think about the interview itself:

• Who will be interviewing? If it is your prospective manager, the interview may be more detailed. If the Personnel Manager is interviewing, it may be less direct or detailed, but could still be testing.
• Will there be a test to take? Find out before the interview and ask for an example of the things you'll be asked to do.
• If you have a disability, contact the employer prior to the interview if you require any particular arrangements. Check the day before to ensure details have been noted prior to your arrival.

Prepare for questions you might be asked

The following is a list of twenty questions you may be asked at an interview. Some suggestions are given which you may like to use to prepare your own answer.

Thorough preparation will give you the confidence to do your best at an interview.

1. Why do you want to work here?

Mention:

• Good reputation of the firm
• Any other positive information you have about the firm, e.g. their training record
• It will give you a chance to do work which interests you

2. Why did you leave your last job?

Explaining briefly and honestly the reasons why your last job ended. If there is anything positive to say, say it, e.g.:

If you left for health reasons point out that you are now fit and reassure the employer that you can do the duties required, or, if you were dismissed, that you take responsibility for your actions and have learnt from the experience.

3. Have you done this kind of work before?

• Yes - tell them the skills you have and how you can use them.
• No - quickly describe other work experience which will help you learn the job quickly. Emphasise your interest and enthusiasm to learn.

4. What did you do in your last job?

Describe:

• skills and duties relevant to new job
• machines/equipment used
• your responsibilities
• people you dealt with
• how long you were there
• if you were promoted

5. What kinds of equipment can you operate?

• Name any type of equipment relevant to the new job
• Your training/qualifications
• Length of time you have operated this equipment

6. How long have you been out of work - how do you spend your time?

Describe:

• jobsearch activity
• voluntary work
• further education or study
• hobbies

7. Why have you had a) so many jobs? b) only one job?

Mention:

a) so many jobs?

You wanted to widen your experience in different types of work/firms. Many of the jobs were temporary. You would rather be in work than out of work.

b) only one job?

You had several different jobs within your last employment. The opportunity to develop. Their good record in training and development.

8. Why should I take you on?

• Be ready for this question and answer confidently and positively
• Describe your skills and experience and how they relate to this job
• Reassure the employer that you are hard-working, reliable and capable

9. Aren't you too a) young? b) old?

Describe:

a) too young?

Your experience to date including any training or supervisory experience. Explain that you are keen to prove yourself, adaptable and quick to learn, physically fit, not going to move away, etc.

b) too old?

Emphasise the benefits of your long experience:

• less need for training
• your ability to make decisions quickly
• your good health - you are looking forward to many more productive years
• that you can still adapt to change
• your good work history

10. Aren't you over-qualified?

Emphasise:

• You are looking for something fresh/new/different
• You can take as well as give instructions

11. How do you get on with people?

• Describe how you have previously worked as part of a team
• Mention your ability to get on with people at all levels
• Give examples

12. What makes a good team member?

Describe the skills required e.g.:

• good communication
• flexibility
• adaptability
• co-operation
• sense of humour

13. How do you cope with pressure?

Describe the pressures in previous jobs using a recent example, e.g. how you coped with a changed deadline, completed a rush order or dealt with staff shortages.

14. What are your strengths and weaknesses?

They should already know your strengths from your Application Form/CV or they would not be interviewing you, but if they ask about any weaknesses:

• Start by describing parts of your last job that you found testing but explain how you overcame these problems
• Be fairly brief but honest, e.g. "I can sometimes be a little too enthusiastic".

Note: Employers value people who can admit their mistakes rather than blaming their failings on others.

15. What would you like to be doing in five years time?

Explain that you would ideally like to be working for the same company but to have developed within it.

16. When was the last time you did anything stupid/lost your temper?

Avoid describing a work example. Use something from your personal life that with hind-sight you would not do again. Explain how you learned from the experience.

17. What wage do you expect to earn?

If the wage level is negotiable - be prepared to negotiate. The dilemma is "where to pitch your bid?" Too high, you could price yourself out. Too low, you could lose out. Before going to the interview find out about wage levels in the company and compare them with your current needs.

18. How often were you absent from your last job?

• If rarely - say so
• If absence has been a problem - explain why and reassure the employer that you are now completely fit or the problem will not recur

19. When would you be available to start?

As soon as possible! Do not put any barriers in the way.

20. Do you have any questions?

You may like to prepare for this - it is almost always asked at the interview. You could ask:

• why is the job vacant?
• why did the last person leave?
• who would I report to?
• what training will I do, if any?
• what would my first job be?
• does the company carry out Job Reviews?
  If yes - how often?
• how soon will I hear about the result of my application?
• how would I be paid?

Plan your journey

• Consider a "dummy run" before the day of the interview or check how long the journey will take.
• If necessary ask the Employer for directions, bus routes or details of car parking.
• Plan an alternative means of getting there and be prepared for the unexpected.
• If you have a disability, check there are no obstacles which could cause you problems or delays.

Think about what you will wear

This may depend upon the sort of work you will be doing:

• Give yourself plenty of time to decide what to wear and get the clothes ready the day before.
• You don't have to buy a new outfit! Aim for neat, tidy, clean and uncluttered appearance.
• If you look good it will help you feel good!

Gather together the written information you will need at the interview

• CV, references, certificates, portfolio or examples of your work (if requested by the Employer).
• Re -read the job advert to refresh your memory - make sure you haven't missed something.

And finally

• Try to get a good night's sleep!

The day of your interview

Before Leaving

• Give yourself plenty of time to get ready
• Make sure you've got all relevant paperwork, e.g. CVs, invitation letter
• If you are unavoidably delayed, Telephone early to explain, apologise and try to get another appointment

On Arrival

• Aim to arrive about 10 minutes before the interview time
• Give your name to the receptionist or whoever is there to greet you
• Try to relax and keep calm
• Chat to the receptionist or whoever greets you, before going into the interview. This will ensure that the first thing you say isn't croaked out because you haven't spoken to anyone for oven an hour!

Your interview

First, accept that the symptoms of nerves - a fast heartbeat, clammy hands and butterflies in the stomach - are natural. These are your body's natural way of meeting a challenge and in small doses can give you the 'oomph' to make a good impression.

You will make an impression in the first few minutes. It takes this time for people to assess someone and store this information. Once an impression has been formed, it's seldom changed. It's important to make first impression work for you.

Nervous tension may make your voice sound shaky. Practice deep slow breathing before you get to the interview. This will slow down your heart rate and help you avoid taking quick ,shallow breaths.

Here are some tips which may help.

Remember, most employers like:

• people who listen
• people who answer questions with examples
• people who are brief in the right places
• people who come prepared
• people who appear confident

Also remember during discussions (and in your letters) employers look again at people who can:

Other types of interview

Not all interviews will follow the same one-to-one model. You may have to face other interview situations.

The following gives a brief outline of some of the different types of interview.

Panel Interview

The panels are often made up of two or more members, for example Personnel Officer and Head of Section/Foreman/Supervisor.

Try not to be intimidated by this situation. Look at the person asking the question, and glance at the others occasionally as you reply. Remember the decision will be made by more than one person which in turn could increase you chance of success.

Competency-based Interview

These interviews are designed to allow you to demonstrate your level of competency in key areas of the job. You may be asked to discuss examples of your previous work and achievements. The examples you give should be different from those on your original Application Form. Before the interview you will need to list the competencies needed for the job and think about things you have done which illustrate each one.

Group Interviews

You may be invited to be assessed as part of a group. This is to test how you might work as part of a team. Be prepared to take an active part in the discussion/task and put forward your ideas in an assertive but not aggressive way.

Skills Tests

These are designed to measure the level of your knowledge, or understanding of the job, such as typing test, driving tests, manual dexterity, etc. Find out what the test will involve and try to practice before the interview.

Personality Tests

You could face questions on your thoughts, feelings and behaviour in certain situations.

There is no such thing as a right or wrong answer as the overall picture is what is important. The end result is a personality rating used to see if the person fits the job advertised. Analysis of these tests is highly skilled and may be used by larger organisations to supplement other recruitment methods.

Aptitude Tests

These are designed to predict how well you might do certain tasks. They test abilities such as reasoning with words/number/diagrams; problem-solving; following instructions. These are usually set as a test paper which you have to complete within a set time limit. You can try to improve your ability to do these tests by answering or completing practice tests.

Dealing with the unexpected

The following situations can cause problems but being prepared may help you deal with them if they arise.

The unprepared interviewer

Not all employers have had training or are experienced in interviewing people. They could be just as nervous as you are about the situation. You might find yourself being talked at and given little opportunity to sell yourself. This may mean waiting for a gap in the conversation and taking the lead during the interview (but not taking over!)

Delays and interruption

Don't become impatient if the Employer keeps you waiting. They may have good reasons for this, so try to keep calm. If the interviewer is interrupted - for instanced by a Telephone call - offer to leave the room.

Uncomfortable surroundings

If you find yourself being interviewed in unsuitable surroundings such as a busy public area, or noisy part of a factory - again, keep calm and try to do your best. You could ask the Employer if you could go elsewhere but you will have to use your own judgement as to whether this request would be acceptable.

After the interview

While it is still fresh in your mind, think about how the interview went:

• what went well?
• what went badly?
• were there any questions you found difficult and why?

Use a checklist to help you identify areas for improvement.

Did you:

• arrive on time?
• dress appropriately?
• greet the interviewer politely?
• sit well and avoid fidgeting?
• answer the questions fully enough?
• sell myself - stress why I was the best person for the job?
• describe my previous duties well?
• look at the interviewer and smile occasionally?
• thank the interviewer for taking the time to see me?

Try to learn as much as you can from each interview.

Aim to become more prepared and confident in the future by looking for areas to improve and developing your stronger areas of performance.

In this way you will increase your chance of getting that job.

These words and phrases may be useful in your job applications. Choose them carefully and only if they are relevant to a particular skill or situation you possess. More than ... years extensive and diverse experience in Expertise and demonstrated skills in Extensive academic/practical background in Experienced in all facets/phases/aspects of Knowledge of/experienced as/in Extensive training/involvement in Proficient/competent at Initially employed to/joined organisation to specialise in Provided technical assistance to Worked closely with Constant interaction with Promoted to Succeeded in Proven track record in Experience involved/included Successful in/at Reported to In charge of Now involved in Familiar with Employed to Assigned to Edited Established Formulated Initiated Implemented Managed Instrumental in Words to use Ability Abundant Achieve Admirable Advance Agreement Ambition Appreciate Approval Aspire Attain Benefit Capable Courage Courtesy Definite Dependable Desirable Determined Effective Efficient Enhance Enthusiasm Excellence Fitting Genuine Good Grateful Guarantee Helpful Humour Imagination Improvement Ingenuity Integrity Initiative Intelligence Judgement Lasting Loyalty Merit Notable Opportunity Perseverance Practical Prestige Proficient Progress Prominent Punctual Reasonable Resilient Recommend Reputable Salient Responsible Satisfactory Service Stability Success Substantial Superior Thorough Truth Useful   © Copyright AGCAS & Graduate Prospects Ltd

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