Indications for imaging
Trauma, But see RCR recommendations.
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Anatomy Demonstrated
Temporal bone, parietal bone, sphenoid sinuses, pituitary fossa.
Skull Horizontal Ray Lateral
Anatomy
Meschan, I. 1955 An Atlas of Normal Radiographic Anatomy
Saunders, London
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Basic Patient Position
The patient lies supine on the table midsaggital plane
aligned central to the table, the head is supported on a small
pad, side of interest nearest the film. the median saggital
plane must be parallel to the film which is placed along side
the head.
Skull Horizontal Ray Rt. Lateral Patient Position
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Radiation protection
Collimate to limit irradiation of the thyroid gland.
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Central Ray
The horizontal ray is centered to a point 5 cm superior to the
external auditory meatus.
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Exposure Factors
| Kv |
mAS |
FFD (cm) |
Grid |
Focus |
AEC |
Cassette |
| 85 |
20 |
100 |
Yes |
Broad |
Yes |
24 x 30 cm |
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Evaluation of the Image
ID and anatomical markers must be present and correct in the
appropriate area of the film.
Optimal exposure should penetrate all the bone structures and
contrast should be low enough to visualise fully the bone and
soft tissue structures.
Limits of the examination, superiorly the vertex, inferiorly the
foramen magnum, posteriorly occiput anteriorly the frontal bone.
Mandibular rami, orbital roofs and EAMs should be superimposed.
Pituitary fossa should be in profile.
Skull Horizontal Ray Rt. Lateral Radiograph
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Related Projections
Skull 20 FO
Skull Occipital Frontal 30
Skull Sub Mento Vertical
Facial Bones
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Additional modalities
CT
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