Indications for imaging
Trauma, (See RCR guidelines) size and position of pituitary
fossa. , cranial size and shape for some metabolic disorders i.e.. acromegaly.
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Anatomy Demonstrated
Temporal bone, parietal bone, sphenoid sinuses, pituitary fossa.
Skull Lateral Anatomy
Meschan, I. 1955 An Atlas of Normal Radiographic Anatomy
Saunders, London
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Basic Patient Position
Dentures and oral jewellery should be removed.
The patient sits erect facing the erect film, the head is
then turned so that the side of the face is in contact with the
bucky, median saggital plane parallel to the film and interpupillary
line parallel to the floor. This position requires the patient
to sit upright as close as possible to the bucky.
A grid cassette in an erect film holder which sits away from the
bucky face may permit the patient's shoulder to be positioned
below the lower border of the film holder if the are unable to
turn the head.
Skull Lateral Patient Position
Based on Movin & Karlsson 1975 Skeletal
projections for Diagnostic Radiology Lippincott
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Radiation protection
Direct lead rubber thyroid protection advisable.
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Central Ray
The horizontal ray is centered to a point 5 cm superior to the
external auditory meatus.
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Exposure Factors
| Kv |
mAS |
FFD (cm) |
Grid |
Focus |
AEC |
Cassette |
| 85 |
25 |
100 |
Yes |
Fine |
Yes |
24 x 30 cm |
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Evaluation of the Image
ID and anatomical markers must be present and correct in the
appropriate area of the film.
Optimal exposure should penetrate all the bone structures and
contrast should be low enough to visualise fully the bone and
soft tissue structures.
Limits of the examination, superiorly the vertex, inferiorly the
foramen magnum, posteriorly occiput anteriorly the frontal bone.
Mandibular rami, orbital roofs and EAMs should be superimposed.
Pituitary fossa should be in profile.
Skull Lateral Lt Radiograph
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Related Projections
Skull PA 20
Skull Reverse Townes
Skull SMV
Facial Bones OM
Facial Bones OM 30
Facial Bones Lateral
Nose Lateral
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Additional modalities
CT
MRI |
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